マントルにおける H_2O の問題

概要

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A small amount of H_2O would be present in the upper mantle. In the shallower levels of the upper mantle, H_2O may be contained in the crystal structures of some hydrous minerals such as amphibole and mica. It is most likely, however, that such hydrous minerals break down into anhydrous high-pressure mineral assemblage and H_2O with increasing depth, and that H_2O exists in the interstices between crystals as supercritical fluid with specific volume less than 1.0 in the deeper levels of the upper mantle. The temperature of the beginning of melting of the upper mantle is significantly lowered by the presence of H_2O phase, even if its amount is small.
特定非営利活動法人日本火山学会の論文
1966-12-01