突合せ溶接による残留応力

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The accuracy of stress measurement by X-rays has been improved remarkably through recent years. Active researches have been conducted in many laboratories, and as a result the measured stress values have come to the stage of giving a sufficient reliability. However, there still remain some problems which must be further investigated. In this study, as one of the application problems, the authors took up the problem of welding residual stresses. In connection with this subject, a number of studies have hitherto been made. But there have been few works so far that dealt with the residual stress distributions measured by the X-ray method. The test piece used was a mild steel plate (SS41) with the dimension of 140×70×4.5mm, and two pieces were butt welded together under the groove angle of 75^o by an ordinary A C arc welder, forming a specimen of square type. The welding consisted of two passes on the surface and one pass of reinforcing bead on the black. The X-ray stress measurement was carried out by the film method using the Glocker,s technique of vertical and 45^o oblique incidences. At first, CoKa beams were used, but the diffraction lines showed a considerable broadening. Therefore, CrKa radiation was utilized, and in this case fairly sharp diffraction lines were obtained. The distribution curves of diffraction intensity were drawn by an automatic recording microphotometer. The peaks of these curves were determined, for convenience' sake, by the method of half breadth at the half height. The residual stresses were calculated by the following formula, [numerical formula] the residual stresses were measured in two directions, parallel and perpendicular to the bead, at many points both on the surface and back, and the distribution curves of them were drawn. The results on the surface showed, in contrast to the ordinary results for the plate without a reinforcing bead, compressive residual stresses in the vicinity of the bead and tensile stresses near the edge in both cases of the measurements in the two directions. On the other hand, the results on the back were reverse to the above case. This effect of the reinforcing bead is worthy of note.
社団法人日本材料学会の論文
1964-12-15

突合せ溶接による残留応力

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