乾燥と超低温に対するチャ種子の胚軸と子葉の反応の差異
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多くの草本植物は。orthodox種子で,通常乾燥することにより液体窒素中での超低温中で容易に保存できる.しかし,チャのような亜熱帯性の木本植物はrecalcitrant種子が多く,'高水分と乾熾に敏感であるために超低温保存には適さない.チャ種子の場合,50吸以下の水分含量で生存率が著しく低下する. そこで,チャ種子recalcitrantな機構を明らかにするために、栽培品種.やぶきたの種子を用い,乾燥とその後の超低温処理に対する胚軸と子葉の感受性を試験した.'種子から摘出した胚袖は乾燥に対して高い抵抗性を示した.一方,子葉は乾燥に対して著しく感受性で,水分含量を55%に減少すると重大な障害を受け止年率が低下した.このことはチャ種子が乾燥に対し著しく感受性である大きな理由であると考えられた.水分含量を15〜30%まで乾燥した摘出胚軸は液体窒素の超低温処理で生存した.超低温処理と加温後0)胚軸は回復培地上で生育し,通常の植物に生長した.この結理から,チャ種子はrecalcitrantである.その原因は予'簾にあることから,胚軸を摘出・乾燥すれば液体窒素中での超低温保存が可能であることが明らかになった.
- 日本育種学会の論文
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