負圧浸入計を用いた畑土壌の不飽和透水係数の測定

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In situ hydraulic conductivities were obtained by use of multiple disk permeameters after the method of Smettem and Clothier (1989), and were compared with steady-state, unsaturated hydraulic conductivities determined on undisturbed core samples in the wetting process. Disk permeameters were 82.4, 117.2 and 191 mm in diameter and applied suctions at the soil surface were 3.0 and 15.0 cm. Five and three measurements were replicated in the field and laboratory, respectively. Field measurements were conducted for surface soil (CL), plowsole (CL-LiC) and 100-cm deep (LiC) volcanic ash soil and for surface soils of another volcanic ash soil (L-CL), weathered granite soil (LiC) and yellow soil (SL). The coefficient of variance (CV) of hydraulic conductivities determined by the disk permeameter method was always higher than obtained by the steady-state method. When the CV for the disk permeameter method was less than 100%, the hydraulic conductivities of both methods agreed well. Saturated hydraulic conductivity of the core samples was of the same magnitude of hydraulic conductivity at 3 cm suction, indicating the absence of large pores such as drying cracks in the soil. Hydraulic conductivities of the soils decreased to 1/2 to 1/5 when applied suction changed from 3 to 15 cm. The disk permeameter method was, therefore, an excellent tool to measure rapidly hydraulic conductivitiy near saturation under field conditions.
社団法人日本土壌肥料学会の論文
1998-08-05

負圧浸入計を用いた畑土壌の不飽和透水係数の測定

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