Quantification of ALL-Type BCR/ABL Fusion Transcripts in Patients with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia in Chronic Phase Using Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction

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A diagnostic feature of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)is the presence of BCR/ABL fusion genes. There are two types BCR/ABL transcripts : CML-and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)-types. ALL-type BCR/ABL transcript is detectable in approximately 50% of CML patients, and its abundance is generally less than that of CML-type BCR/ABL. However, the exact stoichiometry has not been established. In this report, we sought to quantify these two types of BCR/ABL transcripts in patients with CML in chronic phase (CP) by highly sensitive quantitative PCR methods. Methods : We examined two types of the BCR/ABL transcripts in seven patients with CML in chronic phase using reverse transcription and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR). The BCR/ABL expression was normalized to the expression of GAPDH. Results : In 5 out of 7 patients, ALL-type BCR/ABL could be detected. The ratio of CML-type BCR/ABL to GAPDH ranged from 4.94×10^<-3>to 81.8×10^<-3>, and that of ALL-type to GAPDH ranged from 0.15×10^<-3> to 0.85×10^<-3>. Thus, ALL-type transcript levels ranged from 1.3 to 54.3% of the CML-type levels. Conclusions : In CML patients, expression of ALL-type BCR/ABL was 1 to 2 orders of magnitude lower than expression of CML-type BCR/ABL. (Kitakanto Med J 2003 ; 53 : 115〜119)
2003-05-01