東アジア「序列なき」国際分業と直接投資

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In the initial stage of economic development, international financial flow had been expected to play the role of the engine for economic growth in developing countries. But the interactions between economic development and international financial flow created some controversies over whether it is the panacea to solve the bottlenecks most of developing countries suffered from. In the 1960s, the provision of financial resources based on public utility and benevolence was, on the one hand, given high priority as a channel of international financial flow to developing economies, and on the other hand, multinationals gained enormous economic power controlling the sovereignty of those economres. And in the 1970s, many the governments in newly industrializing economies such as South Korea, Mexico and Brazil regulated and restricted foreign direct investment to protect domestic capital and expand loan borrowing from international banks to finance heavy industrialization. As the result of "indebted industrialization", Latin American emerging industrial countries fell into debt crisis in the early 1980s, foreign direct investment with no obligation to pay back the debt was revitalized as the significant form of international financial flow to developing countries such as Malaysia and Thailand in 1990s. This research paper examines the relations between "East Asian Miracle" and foreign direct investment by focusing on the significant impact of foreign direct investment on the fast growing Malaysian electric industry. In Malaysia, new patterns of international division of labor can be observed in which industrialization does not spread from one tier to another within a framework of "geese-flying" pattern a la Akamatsu according to some pecking order of economic development level. In the past few years, new technologies have had significant impact on the upgrading of industrialization especially in Singapore and Malaysia. The Malaysian government has competed to develop a multimedia industry by attracting multinational companies to introduce new technologies for more sophisticated industrial development. Although this "FDI-led economic growth" resulted in the success in upgrading industrial structure, the efforts for economic independence and self-reliance have been sacrificed. Lastly, this paper discusses the FDI-led economic growth and the direction of industrial development in Southeast Asian countries.
北海道東海大学の論文

東アジア「序列なき」国際分業と直接投資

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