近縁種による馬鈴薯の育種学的研究 : (第 2 報)Commersoniana 節に於ける人為四倍体の形態的特徴

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The genus Solanum, to which all potatoes belong, is very large, comprising some 2000 species, but only about 250 of these, at a generous estimate, are of tuberbearing. These belong to diploid, triploid, tetraploid, pentaploid and hexaploid groups, the tetraploids being widely cultivated. A study of whole diversity of the commercial potato varieties disclosed its narrow limits and very limitted posibilities, leaving with many serious problems still unsolved, such as Phythophthora, virus, insect, drought, heat, cold and rest period. In view of polyploid nature of tuber-bearing Solanum species, it is highly probable to induce new varieties by creating various polyploid plants with divergent genome constitutions. Chromosome doubling was induced at this laboratory in several diploid species of series Commcrsoniana with the aims to produce tetraploid species, possessing characters valuable from breeding point of view, and to find general tendencies in the change of characteristics associated with chromosome doubling. In this connection several works has been done earlier by PROPACH (1938), IVANOV (1939) RYBIN (1940), IVANOVSKAJA (1941), STELZNER (1941,1943), SWAMINATHAN (1951) AND PRAKKEN and SWAMINATHAN (1954).
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