質問紙を用いた朝型-夜型の判定法に関する検討

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Recently there have been many reports regarding sleep-wake rhythm as an index of circadian rhythm. From the clinical standpoint also, it is becoming increasingly necessary to judge the style of sleep-wake rhythm. It is said that there are two styles of human behavior : the morning type and the evening type. In the present study, judgement of these styles was made by Oquist's morningness-eveningness questionnaire and the validity of this questionnaire when used in Japan was investigated. As it is generally said that the style of human behavior changes from the evening type to the morning type with age, an investigation was also made on the relationship between style of human behavior and aging. Judgement of behavior type was made by Oquist's morningness-eveningness questionnaire in Japanese with a total of 230 subjects composed of 95 males and 135 females (116 remitted patients and 114 healthy individuals). Each of 19 questions in the questionnaire had its own criterion for rating. Based on the total score, behavior was divided ino five types : definitely evening type (total score 16-30), moderately evening type (total score of 31-41), neither type (total score of 42-58), moderately morning type (total score of 59-69), and definitely morning type (total score of 70-86). The validity of each question was examined by G-P analysis in order to improve the overall validity of the questionnaire, and questions with significantly lower validity than others were excluded. Than, the scores of other questions were added. Cases with total scores within mean±1SD, cases with total scores under mean-1SD, and cases with total scores over mean+1SD, were judged as neither type, evening type, and morning type, respectively. Another method of judgement was attempted by a question in which the subjects themselves were asked to judge their own type. The following results were obtained. (1)There were three questions which had significantly lower validity than others. (2)The older the subjects, the higher was total scores and the larger was the number of cases of morning type. These results were observed from judgement by both the original questionnaire (total score of 19 questions) and the revised questionnaire (total score of 16 questions excluding the three questions with low validity) and also from judgement by the subjects themselves. As the questionnaire used in this study was originally developed in Europe and as the concept of morning type and evening type was poorly defined, it is considered necessary to standardize this questionnaire for use in Japan. We expect that this questionnaire would be very useful in investigating the relationship between behavior types and psychosomatic problems.
日本心身医学会の論文
1990-10-01

質問紙を用いた朝型-夜型の判定法に関する検討

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