Variations of Developing Conduction System in Bis-diamine Induced Malformed Rat Heart Recognized by HNK-1 Immunohistochemistry

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To clarify the abnormal development of the cardiac conduction system in congenital heart anomalies, HNK-1 distribution of bis-diamine induced malformed hearts was studied in rat embryos. All the embryos showed not only conotruncal anomalies, such as persistent truncus arteriosus (PTA) and pulmonary hypoplasia with overriding aorta (comparable to tetralogy of Fallot), but also incomplete absorption of sinus venosus. In the malformed hearts, the middle internodal tract passing through the dorsal wall of the right sinus horn connected the right sinoatrial node (RSAN) to the posterior atrioventricular node (pAVN). Furthermore, an interatrial tract and a posterior tract bypassing the pAVN were observed in a few specimens. These pathways seemed to be equivalent to Bachmann's bundle and James' fiber, respectively. The HNK-1 immunoreactive sites corresponded to the bilateral sinoatrial nodes, middle, posterior, and left internodal tracts, and the pAVN in treated hearts extended caudally. This alteration was associated with incomplete absorption of the sinus venosus, suggesting that these conduction tissues were derived from the primary sinus venosus. The results indicated that HNK-1 immunoreactive sites during cardiac development were closely related to the development of the cardiac structures, and that the distribution of these sites varied according to abnormalities in developing cardiac morphology. We concluded that HNK-1 immunohistochemistry is a useful morphological tool for the study of congenital cardiac malformations and congenital arrhythmias, as well as development of the conduction system.
長崎大学の論文

Variations of Developing Conduction System in Bis-diamine Induced Malformed Rat Heart Recognized by HNK-1 Immunohistochemistry

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