Study of the Valence State of the Manganese Ions in PbTiO3 Ceramics by Means of ESR

概要

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ESR measurements have been carried out on Mn ions in PbTiO3 ceramics. Mn ions in the PbTiO3 ceramics are incorporated at Ti4+ sites with mixed valence states of Mn2+ and Mn4+. The proportion of Mn2+ ions is the highest for the calcined powder and changes during the firing process. After the firing it decreases with increasing the firing temperature in the range from 800°C and 1100°C, and increases at temperatures above 1150°C. Additionally, the proportion changes with the amount of Mn ions. The proportion of Mn2+ decreases with increasing Mn dopants up to 0.20 wt%. In the range from 0.20 wt% and 0.25 wt% of MnO2 it increases steeply, and the Mn2+ and Mn4+ ratio is not varied when more than 0.25 wt% MnO2 is doped. Piezoelectric properties of Mn doped PbTiO3 can be explained by the changes of the valence states of Mn ions.
INSTITUTE OF PURE AND APPLIED PHYSICSの論文
1998-09-30