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Serum valproic acid (VPA) levels were studied on children with convulsive seizures, ranging from 2 months to 9 years of age, using gas-liquid chromatographic method. Serum VPA levels were studied hourly on 12 patients before and after oral administration of this drug as syrup. In all cases the drug was administered regularly three times (10 cases), twice (1 case), or once (1 case) a day for over one month. The lowest values (Cmin) of the serum levels were observed just before administration, and the highest values (Cmax) were observed one to three hours, most two hours, after administration. In time-course study done on 6 patients, serum VPA levels (Cmin) were highest (P μg/ml) at 2nd to 4th day, and reached stable concentrations (S μg/ml) in blood at 6th day after administered three times a day. The P/S ratio were lower in younger children. Cmin and Cmax of serum VPA levels showed a good correlation with the dosage (mg/kg/day) of VPA in cases on this drug alone. There was a negative but good correlation between the percentage of fluctuation and Cmin. The percentage of fluctuation was decreased and constant (20-25%) in cases with Cmin over 100μg/ml. Therapeutic serum VPA levels (Cmin) were 40 μg/ml or more. The mean ratio of level to dosage was higher in cases with VPA only than in cases with VPA and other antiepileptic drugs.
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