予防安全効果評価シミュレータ (A Survey Simulator to Evaluate Safety Systems (ASSESS) ) におけるドライバのブレーキ操作タイミングの決定方法

概要

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We are developing a simulation program called ASSESS (A Survey Simulator to Evaluate Safety Systems) which is intended to evaluate the effects of automotive prevention safety assistance systems. A simulated driver in the ASSESS drives a vehicle to avoid collisions with other vehicles. For the driver to drive safely, we need to determine the braking operation algorithm. The two decisive factors of braking operations here are the braking timing and the brake pedal force. In this paper, the former is discussed. After analyzing the previous experiment results about human cognitive judgments, we revealed that the timing of cognitive judgments is decided by the inverse of Time To Collision (iTTC), the inverse of distance, and the constant term. Based on this fact, we derived a formula to determine the driver's braking timing in the ASSESS. We also examined its validity by comparing the calculated braking operation time with the actual braking reaction time in the experiment. As a result, a simple formula that we proposed can replicate the start timing of the driver's braking operation.