Surgical indications for non-tuberculous Mycobacteriosis: Outcomes and validity of surgery

概要

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Recently, the number of non-tuberculous <I>Mycobacterium</I> (NTM) infection cases has been increasing. Among those infections, the <I>Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare</I> complex (MAC) is the major cause. As such, it is sometimes difficult to treat NTM cases. We evaluated the clinical courses and surgical outcomes of NTM patients (eight of the patients were male, 12 were female, and their median age was 48 years old) who underwent pulmonary resection. The surgical procedures included 18 lobectomies, 1 segmentectomy, and 1 wedge resection. There was no surgical mortality. Ten patients had positive preoperative sputum cultures, and 8 of those patients (80%) attained a sputum-negative status after surgery. Three patients (15%) showed relapse after surgery, and all cases improved after antibiotic therapy. Initial surgery was indicated in six cases with localized NTM; such a treatment strategy may be an option in the treatment of early-phase NTM.