Experimental immunological studies of Meniere's disease.

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This study examined the effects of histamines and steroids on guinea pigs with immunologically-stimulated endolymphatic sacs.The administration of histamines caused spontaneous nystagmus in 3 of 38 guinea pigs with immunologically-stimulated endolymphatic sacs. The three guinea pigs with spontaneous nystagmus displayed severe edema of the stria vascularis. Guinea pigs subjected to both histamine administration and immunological stimulation of endo-lymphatic sacs showed a greater degree of endolymphatic hydrops than those received either treatment alone. This suggests that histamines increased the capillary permeability of the stria vascularis. Rupture of Reissner's membrane was seen in the second cochlear turn of a guinea pig exhibiting 2-hour spontaneous nystagmus attack. It was suspected that Meniere's disease are caused by an increased concentration of potassium in the pen-lymphatic space.Guinea pigs treated with steroids prior to or immediately following an induced immunological reaction displayed better hearing and balance functions than untreated controls. Steroids inhibited the formation of endolymphatic hydrops in the cochlea and saccule, and of soft granulation tissue in the endolymphatic sac. It was speculated that early administration of steroids inhibits immunological reactions in the endolymphatic sac and disturbances in endolymphatic absorption.
耳鼻咽喉科臨床学会の論文