Strategies for recognizing sentences among high and low critical thinkers.

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College students with high and low critical thinking ability, i. e., those who were good and those who were poor at judging the plausibility of inferences, were given a delayed sentence recognition task. High critical thinkers had a significantly higher false alarm rate for appropriate inferences, lower rates for neutral and inappropriate inferences, and a significantly more accurate recognition rate for sentences that expressed factual information, than low critical thinkers (Exp. 1 & 3). There were no significant group differences in immediate recognition (Exp. 3). When explicitly instructed to judge the plausibility of the test inferences, both groups of subjects performed equally well (Exp. 2). It seemed that only in the delayed recognition did high critical thinkers tend to rely more on plausibility estimate and less on direct matching than low critical thinkers.
公益社団法人日本心理学会の論文