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Chemotaxis and feeding behavior in Actinosphaerium, Amoebaa nd Ph ysarum are reviewed together with new results.Studies in giant amoeboid cells may provide new aspects on the mechanism of behaviors in amoeboid cells in general. Actinosphaerium released attractant chemicals to prey organisms such as Tetrahymena. The attracted organisms were catched by adhering to axopods. The catched organisms were stored there until food vacuoles incorporated them into the cell body. The adhesiveness to prey organisms takes no decisive role in feeding behavior of Amoeba. By applying a double-chamber method, chemotactic behavior of Amoeba was expressed as an averaged deviation, ΔP, in the motive force of protoplasmic streaming.ΔP exceeded by10cm H2Oin chemotaxis as well as during spontaneous formation of uroid at the tail of Amoeba. Intracellulat perfusion technique was applied to plasmodial strands of Physarum. Injected ATP, Ca2+and KCl had effects on the contractility and morphology comparable to those in extracted actomyosin such as ATPase activity, solubility, etc.Thus, dialized plasmodial strands will be an ideal system in studying chemoreception, transduction mechanism and regulation of contractility.
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