多塩素化炭化水素類の光分解反応

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Polychlorinated hydrocarbons are stable and resist towards oxidation, hydrolysis and other chemical reactions which conceivably occur in the environment. In alcoholic potassium hydroxide solutions, polychlorinated biphenyls mixture (PCB; Kanechlor 400), the insecticides BHC and DDT, and the fungicide pentachlorobenzyl alcohol were irradiated with a mercury high pressure lamp (100 W) at 35°C for 13 hours. When isopropanol was used as a solvent, Kanechlor 400 (KC-400) was dechlorinated entirely, and isopropanol was converted into acetone. Thus, the principal reaction seemed to be a progressive reductive dechlorination. However when ethyl alcohol was used as a solvent, various polar cornpouds were produced owing probably to photo-nucleophilic substitution followed by photo-oxidation. Lindane (γ-BHC 99%) or DDT was mixed with isopropanol, which contained potassium hydroxide, and similarly irradiated. The equivalents of 75.2 per cent of chlorine contained in lindane and 42.5 per cent of chlorine in DDT were liberated in the form of ion. Pentachlorobenzyl alcohol (PCBA: a rice blast control agent) was added to methanolic potassium hydroxide solution and irradiated. It was shown that 56.9 per cent of the chlorine contained in PCBA, which is 3 atom equivalents of 5 chlorine atoms in the molecule, was liberated. When a similar experiment by using isopropanol as a solvent in place of methanol, 79.1 per cent of the chlorine, which is 4 atom equivalents, was converted to the ionic form.
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多塩素化炭化水素類の光分解反応

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