収穫後自然温度下で乾燥貯蔵したグラジオラス木子の休眠の様相
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In Japan, gladiolus cormels are usually harvested during autumn and stored dry at room temperature until planting time in the following early-spring. Natural low temperature from autumn to late winter while in store is known to cause the breaking of dormancy of cormels. It is of importance for the proper handling of cormels to know at which time of the winter the dormancy disappears and how varied each cultivar is for their response to low temperature. The present studies are attempted to clarify the problems.After harvest cormels of 5-6mm in diameter were stored in a dry condition at room temperature till planting. The stored cormels were planted at different times in petri dishes containing growing media of about 0.6% agar alone or in clay pots filled with a mixture of three parts sand and one part perlite.Cormels did not sprout when planted just after harvest. As cormels were planted later-namely when cormels passed through a longer term of natural low temperature- they showed a higher sprouting percentage and sprouted more quickly. Bare cormels (shell removed) began to sprout and attained a high level of sprouting beforecracked ones (shell cracked), which in turn preceded intact ones (shell adherent).The course of sprouting mentioned above suggested the following process of disappearance of dormancy. Cormels were in a state of true dormancy 2-4 months after harvest, depending on cultivars, during which time they could not be induced to sprout even when their outer shells were removed and they were placed at an optimal temperature. They gradually turned to post dormancy in which they were able to sprout by removing their outer shell. And they reached a state of out of dormancy or quiescence in which they showed a high level of sprouting irrespective of the existence of an outer shell.In the March planting, cormels of most cultivars attained to a state of quiescence, excepting those of 'Professor Goudriaan' and 'Valeria' which were still in a state of post dormancy.Sprouting of cormels was influenced by the date of harvest; the earlier they were harvested, the earlier the dormancy was broken. In the April planting, many cormels harvested at the end of the previous October were still in a state of post dormancy.
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