カルボキシル基を持つアルキルオリゴ(オキシエチレン)エーテルによるアルカリ及びアルカリ土類金属イオンの能動輸送

概要

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Dodecyl oligo(oxyethylene)carboxymethyl ethers (1 )and 2-[oligo(oxyethylene)]octadecanoic acids (2) were prepared by the method shown in Scheme-1. They were examined for their capacity to function as cariers for the active and competitive transport of alkali (Li+, Na+, and K+) and alkaline earth (Mg2+, Ca2+, and Ba2+) metal cations in chloroform membrane systems. Simple alkanoic acid, i.e. dodecanoic acid failed to mediate the transport of any cation in the present systems, but (1) and (2) with an appropriate number of oxyethylene units (m) effectively transported the cations, confirming the validity of introduction of the oligo (oxyethylene) chain into alkanoic acids. For the transport of alkali metal cations, carriers with m≥4 were effective, and those with m≥5 were superior in K+-selectivity to those with m=4. All (1) and (2) transported Ca2+ and Ba2+ with higher efficiency but lesser ion-selectivity than in the case of alkali metal cations. The results are discussed based on “host-guest” relationship between the cavity size of pseudocyclic oligoethers and cation diameter, and on lipophilicity and rigidity of complexes formed from carrier molecules and cations.
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