非イオン界面活性剤の性質におよぼす構造効果 (第8報) : C18-オキソ-アルデヒドとポリオキシエチレングリコールからのアセタールの合成と界面化学的性質

概要

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Branched higher aliphatic aldehydes obtained through oxo-synthesis have been treated with polyoxyethylene glycols using an acid catalyst to give acetal type nonionics : R (CH2) 2CH (R) CH [O (C2H4O) m/2H] 2 (OAG series) and RCH2CH=C (R) CH [O (C2H4O) m/2H2] 2 (OAGΔ series), R : -CHMeCH2CMe3. Cloud point (Cp), aqueous surface tension (γ), cmc and some gross effects of OAG and OAGΔ were compared with those of nonionics containing comparable hydrophobe : R (CH2) 2CH (R) CH2O (C2H4O) mH (iso series) and CH3 (CH2) 17O (C2H4O) mH (S series). At the same HLB values based on the Davies group number, Cp of OAG and OAGΔ were lower than those of iso series. The cmc values increased in the order S<iso<OAGΔ<OAG. The order of the increase in γ lowering ability was S<<OAGΔ<OAG≤iso, and wetting powers also increased in this order. OAG and OAGΔ showed low foaming properties and excellent emulsifying powers. Suspending powers and detergencies of OAG and OAGΔ were almost comparable to those of iso series. OAG and OAGΔ were fairly stable in neutral or weakly basic aqueous solution, but easily hydrolyzed under acidic conditions. These facts reveal the possibility of their controlled surface activities depending on the pH of aqueous solution used, to afford some industrial applications.