Complete mitochondrial genomes and novel gene rearrangements in two dicroglossid frogs, Hoplobatrachus tigerinus and Euphlyctis hexadactylus, from Bangladesh

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概要

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• We determined the complete nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial (mt) genomes from two dicroglossid frogs, Hoplobatrachus tigerinus (Indian Bullfrog) and Euphlyctis hexadactylus (Indian Green frog). The genome sizes are 20462 bp in H. tigerinus and 20280 bp in E. hexadactylus. Although both genomes encode the typical 37 mt genes, the following unique features are observed: 1) the ND5 genes are duplicated in H. tigerinus that have completely identical sequences, whereas duplicated ND5 genes in E. hexadactylus possessed dissimilar substitutions; 2) duplicated control region (CR) in H. tigerinus has almost identical sequences whereas single control region (CR) was found in E. hexadactylus; 3) the tRNA-Leu (CUN) gene is translocated from the LTPF tRNA cluster to downstream of ND5-1 in H. tigerinus, and the tRNA-Pro gene is translocated from the LTPF tRNA cluster to downstream of CR in E. hexadactylus; 4) pseudo tRNA-Leu (CUN) and tRNA-Pro genes are observed in E. hexadactylus; and 5) two tRNA-Met genes are encoded in both species, as observed in the previously reported dicroglossid mt genomes. Almost all observed gene rearrangements in H. tigerinus and E. hexadactylus can be explained by the tandem duplication and random loss model, except translocation of tRNA-Pro in E. hexadactylus. The novel mt genomic features found in this study may be useful for future phylogenetic studies in the dicroglossid taxa. However, the mt genome with interesting features found in the present study reveal a high level of variation of gene order and gene content, inspiring more research to understand the mechanisms behind gene and genome evolution in the dicroglossid and as well as in the amphibian taxa in future studies.

著者

• Hayashi Yoko

  Department of Geriatric Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine

• Sumida Masayuki

  Institute For Amphibian Biology Graduate School Of Science Hiroshima University

• Fujii Tamotsu

  Department of Health Science, Faculty of Human and Environmental Science, Hiroshima Prefectural Wome

• KURABAYASHI Atsushi

  Institute for Amphibian Biology, Hiroshima University

• Fujii Tamotsu

  Department Of Health Science Faculty Of Human Life And Environmental Science Hiroshima Women's

• Alam Mohammad

  Institute for Amphibian Biology, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University

• Sano Naomi

  Department of Health Science, Hiroshima Prefectural University

• Khan Md.

  Bangladesh Agricultural University

• Kurabayashi Atsushi

  Institute For Amphibian Biology Graduate School Of Science Hiroshima University

• Hayashi Yoko

  Department Of Geriatric Medicine Keio University School Of Medicine

• Hayashi Yoko

  Department Of Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Nippon Medical School

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