［依頼総説］沖縄の地域に根ざした循環器病研究への取り組み : 長寿の危機と循環器疾患
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概要
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Okinawa consists of many isolated islands and therefore a good cohort for the epidemiological study. Unique backgrounds in Okinawa-based studies are; 1) Centenarians are most frequent in Okinawa among Japan. This may suggest environmental or genetic background in Okinawa is good for longevity, 2) Western life-style including American food has come into Okinawa earlier than into other areas in Japan, because Okinawa was under United States administration until 1972 for 27 years. 3) Obesity rate of residents is highest in Okinawa among Japan. We performed epidemiological studies in Miyako island, Okinawa to know how changes in risk factors influence incidence of cardiovascular diseases. We found that incidence of hemorrhagic stroke decreased but that of ischemic stroke increased in Miyako island. The health check-up data showed that blood pressure decreased but obesity and data corresponding metabolic diseases increased in residence of Miyako island. We also performed intervention studies to know how Okinawan traditional -style food, which contains much amount of Okinawan vegetables, improves health parameters. We found that taking Okinawan traditional-style food decreased blood pressure and improved endothelial function, as assessed by count of circulating endothelial progenitor cells. These studies may help us to develop strategies for preventing cardiovascular diseases not only for Okinawa but also for whole Japan and other countries.
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