高齢者の時間感覚に関する研究 : 高齢者は時間経過をどのように感じるか

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50，60，70，80歳代の入院中の高齢者群と20歳代の若年者群を対象に，時間作成法を用いて時間判断の調査を行った。対象者は3，6，30，60秒の時間間隔を，ブザーを鳴らすことによって作成するよう求められた。若年者群は3，6，30，60秒の時間間隔を正確に作成することが出来た。しかし高齢者群は30秒と60秒の作成時間が減少した。50，70，80歳代の作成時間は，20歳代の作成時間より有意に短かった。3秒と6秒に対する高齢者群の作成時間は増大したが，年代間に有意差はなかった。時間判断の加速率（客観的時間に対する主観的時間の比率）は，加齢が進むほど，求めた作成時間が長いほど増加した。しかも70歳代と80歳代の加速率は，これまでの報告よりもはるかに高かった。入院という体験によって身体，心理，社会面での主観的幸福感が低下し，時間判断に影響を与えていた可能性が示唆された。結論として高齢者群の主観的な時間経過は若年者群よりも速まり，主観的時間の加速化が起こっていることが明らかになった。主観的時間の加速化が生じた結果，高齢者は周囲の時間や出来事がゆっくり経過するように感じるのかもしれない。改訂長谷川式簡易知能評価スケールの得点は，高齢者群で有意に低かったが，いずれも正常範囲であった。Four elderly-hospitalized groups in their 50s, 60s, 70s, and 80s, and a younger group, in their 20s, were examined on duration judgments using the production method. They were required to produce durations of 3, 6, 30, and 60 seconds by sounding a buzzer. The younger group judged accurate durations of 3, 6, 30, and 60 seconds. However, the elderly groups judged shorter durations in 30 seconds and 60 seconds, and significant decreases were found between the younger group and the 50s-, 70s-, and 80s-groups, respectively. The produced durations in 3 seconds and 6 seconds were longer for the elderly groups but they were not significant between ages. The duration judgment ratios (ratios of subjective durations to objective durations; DJR) became greater as a function of aging and the durations that were required to be produced. Moreover, the DJRs for the 70s-and 80s-groups were much higher than those of previous reports. It was suggested that hospitalization decreased subjective well-being physically, psychologically, and socially, and it affected duration judgments. Thus, subjective time passages for the elderly groups were faster than those for the younger one and the acceleration of subjective time clearly occurred for the elderly groups. As a result of the acceleration of subjective time, elderly persons might feel that objective time or events elapse slowly. The revised version of Hasegawa's Dementia Scale (HDS-R) scores were significantly lower for the elderly groups but they were all within normal levels.
北海道高齢者問題研究協会の論文

高齢者の時間感覚に関する研究 : 高齢者は時間経過をどのように感じるか

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