国内地域活性化のための小規模バイオエタノール製造システムの開発 : 先進原料としてのエネルギー作物への期待(<特集>資源作物エリアンサスの開発状況)

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Bioethanol, fuel ethanol made from biomass, is attracting keen interest as a renewable liquid fuel for transportation. In addition, domestic bioethanol production is expected to contribute to stable energy supply, revitalizing rural areas, new job creation, and revitalizing agriculture. Two kinds of herbaceous lignocellulosic biomass: rice straw and energy crops (Erianthus and Miscanthus), are regarded as the central feedstocks for domestic bioethanol production without competition with food production. For the production, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Japan (MAFF) supported the development of the CaCCO (calcium capturing by carbonation) process; a lime (Ca(OH)_2)-pretreatment for enzymatic saccharification of cellulose and xylan. In the process, a reaction mixture with lignocellulosic biomass, lime and water is carbonated for pH neutralization after the pretreatment to generate CaCO_3, which remains in the vessel during saccharification and fermentation. Skipping over solid-liquid separation after the pretreatment, the CaCCO process keeps most components in the reaction vessel, resulting in its high recovery of fermentable sugars after enzymatic saccharification. The RT-CaCCO process was further developed as the similar process performed at room temperature (RT) for several days, which could enable us to preserve herbaceous feedstock at ambient temperature in a wet form. These processes are being further improved in the current MAFF project for providing us with a new, domestic bioprocess for bioethanol production from two main feedstocks: rice straw and energy crops, in a small-scale facility.
2013-07-20

国内地域活性化のための小規模バイオエタノール製造システムの開発 : 先進原料としてのエネルギー作物への期待(<特集>資源作物エリアンサスの開発状況)

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