東日本大震災とリスクマネジメント(<特集>災害リスクマネジメントの理論と実践)

概要

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The Great East Japan Earthquake is discussed herein from the viewpoint of risk concept. This event is a typical low-frequent and huge-consequence disaster. The consequence is significantly large, including approximately 20 thousand tsunami victims and the serious accident of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, both of which can be studied effectively and should be treated appropriately on the basis of risk concept. This monograph introduces that international standards have been recently developed to promote the use of risk-based approach and to standardize the concept and procedures. In addition, it is demonstrated that although the risk concept is quite effective for more rational decision-making processes in any cases, the recent disaster reveals that the conventional risk concept needs extension into spatial as well as temporal domains and unique concept "Safety Burst" is proposed to represent the serious state due to low-frequent and huge-consequence events for modern engineering systems which are much more complex, multi-functional and inter-dependent than before.
2013-04-15