拡大EU:中東欧諸国,地中海沿岸諸国に対するユーロの浸透 : 欧州論調の考察

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In the decade of the 1990s, the European Union has made economic and political movements toward enlargement of its economic zone into the countries of Central Eastern Europe as well as the Mediterranean. At the initial stage, the EU has proposed to these partners the creation of a free trade zone, to be followed in succession by liberalization of capital movement, comprising both foreign direct investment and portfolio investment into the newly affiliated states.The first objectives of this paper are to survey and illuminate differences between the present countries of the EU and those of the new partner areas from the perspectives of economic size, level of development and growth rates; and to review the relations of trade and foreign direct investment among all of them. Secondly there is a retracing of the official dialogues between the EU and both the Eastern and Mediterranean countries, showing the evolution of economic liberalization policies between the EU and the areas surrounding it.Then there is some analysis of the effects economic liberalization has actually had, particularly on the side of the partner area countries whose economic and industrial levels are lower than those of the long-standing EU countries. The author considers the choice between policy alternatives of "open" versus "closed" regional integration strategies to be vital to the success of the movement toward enlargement of the EU, even though this subject could not be a target of in-depth analysis within the limited scope of this paper. There is also an attempt to formulate some perspectives on the penetration of the "new-born" Euro currency into foreign exchange reserves of the Eastern and Mediterranean countries in replacement of the American dollar. Beyond this, the scope of the remainder of the study is limited to foreign direct investment, official development aid, and the evolution of trade, particularly in two selected countries in each of the partner areas: Bulgaria and Poland in Central Eastern Europe; Egypt and Morocco in the Mediterranean. The author's objective is to draw lessons on the process of economic liberalization aimed at future regional integration, between zones and countries of different economic regimes and levels. Such lessons gained from the experiences of the European countries, might provide an orientation for the course of Asian regional integration in the future.
日本福祉大学の論文
2002-08-31

著者

今井正幸
日本福祉大学経済学部

拡大EU:中東欧諸国,地中海沿岸諸国に対するユーロの浸透 : 欧州論調の考察

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