南アジアの都市貧困住民と居住環境 : コロンボのシャンティ改善を中心に

概要

論文の詳細を見る
Urban environmental problems in South Asia are characterized by, among others, the life degradation concentrated on poor groups due to their unimproved public health conditions, the weak municipal system and resultant politicization of environmental issues, and the unstable tenure security increasingly eroded by globalization of urban land market. Keeping these concerns in view, the paper briefly describes low-income settlement policies of Sri Lanka, once lauded world-wide as one of the most poverty-oriented strategies, and indicates the fact that despite the overall income enhancement in urban sector, most of slum and shanty communities in Colombo remain environmentally under-served. Since the 1970s, the Government has introduced Community Development Councils (CDCs) in these areas to function as people's receiving vessels in response to urban service delivery "from above". Empirical observation during last decade suggests, however, that such officially-sponsored, target-oriented community organizations as CDCs tend to be less sustainable, while in their place, more multi-functional, process-oriented organizations such as women's micro-credit groups prove to be successfully managing urban services and settlement environmental improvement.
日本福祉大学の論文
2001-06-30