道徳と宗教 -教育における不可分性について-

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概要

• 論文の詳細を見る

• Moral is a vague concept in Japanese. The Japanese word "DOUTOKU(道徳)" has two different sources. One source comes from ancient Chinese Confucianism and Taoism, the other comes from European concept of "moral". Those two concepts are similar but not the same. When Japanese speaks of "DOUTOKU", the two concepts are interwoven and cannot be separated. After Meji restoration, the state Shintoism created under the strong influence of Neo-Confucianism (朱子学) became dominant. And the two confusion moral code of "孝" and "忠" are synthesized and "忠孝" became the highest moral code. Also the order of "孝" and "忠" are reversed. "忠" became a superior moral code. Such neo-Confucianism based "moral" is different from "moral" based on the concepts of Enlightenment. The base of present-day Moral education, however, would be the categorical imperative of Immanuel Kant. This concept is also the recurrent and cultivated form of the moral described in Plato's "Republic". Each concept of "moral" presupposes transcendental reality to ensure the validity of moral. The root of general education and compulsive education lies in the thought of Martin Luther. He describes the basis of modern education system in his pamphlet "Am die Ratsherrn aller staete deuches Lands, dass sie christliche Schulenaufrichten und halten sollen (1524)". He tried to persuade German politicians to establish a system of general and compulsive education. He required education in order to improve the spirituality of people. He, however, emphasizes the secular importance of education. His idea of education is based on humanism. The cultivation of reason is his objective of religious education.

著者

• 結城 敏也

  茨城キリスト教大学

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