自宅分娩から施設分娩への移行期における島根県の開業助産師の活動

概要

論文の詳細を見る
Purpose: Due to the lack of obstetricians, the roles and activities of current midwifes arechanging. Our purpose was to investigate elderly practicing midwives' activities afterWorld War II in Japan, while the delivery style was changing from home delivery tohospital delivery, and their special efforts to manage mutual midwifery stations andmother-and-baby healthcare centers.Methods: Semi-interview style investigation was done with 3 practicing midwives whowere engaged in the establishment of a mutual midwifery station and a mother-and-babyhealthcare center.Results:1)In Ohnan-cho, Ohchi-gun, Shimane Prefecture, the mother-and-baby healthcare centerwas started in 1959. From the beginning, practicing midwives took pregnant women tothe center to deliver there. All of the local practicing midwives in that town were hired aspart-time workers, and were assigned as a midwife to each mother for continuoussupport even after delivery.2)In Muikaichi, Shimane Prefecture, local knowledge regarding delivery was low; thus, insearch of measures for safe delivery, the strong desire of practicing midwives to helppeople, together with the local leaders effort, helped to establish a mother-and-babycenter. Although the project was suspended for several years due to the merger of 4towns in that region, a mutual delivery station was finally established by 5 midwives in1962, to keep up their effort and spirit.3)In Yasugi-shi, Shimane Prefecture, the mutual midwifery station of Yasugi AgriculturalCooperative (Association) was started in 1965 (when home delivery was still common inthat region), as the first co-management project with the Agricultural Association inJapan. That was owing to the effort of the Women's Department of AgriculturalAssociation to provide farmers' wives with sufficient rest after delivery without concernsfor the family, to have nutritious food, and to take careful care of a baby. TheAgricultural Association proposed that the Yasugi Midwifery Association establish thecenter, and 7 local midwives joined together to start the center.Discussion: Many practicing midwives who faced changes of delivery style from homedelivery to hospital delivery re-organized their business in a mutual midwifery station or amother-and-baby healthcare center. The mother-and-baby healthcare center was mainlymanaged by practicing midwives to assist the transition of styles from home delivery to hospital delivery. An important role for them at that time was to prepare an environmentsupportive of the safe delivery for pregnant women and their families. Recently, the roles ofmidwives are being reactivated to support the perinatal period, to fill the gap caused by thelack of obstetricians. Also, roles of midwives working in hospitals are changing from that ofan assistant to doctors to a leading person in each delivery room. Although many issuesremain to be solved, the first priority for midwives seems to make an effort to provide acomfortable environment for safe delivery for expectant mothers and their families.Conclusion: Midwives should help provide an environment for safe delivery of expectantmothers, taking into consideration the background of the contemporary generation andsociety.

著者

灘久代
徳島文理大学保健福祉学部

自宅分娩から施設分娩への移行期における島根県の開業助産師の活動

スポンサーリンク

概要

著者

関連論文

スポンサーリンク