ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE AND THE HYPOTHALAMO-NEUROHYPOPHYSEAL SYSTEM : A REVIEW

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Production transport, storage and secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system were discussed. ADH produced by nerve cells in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus is stored in a bound from to a specific protein called neurophysin in the neurosecretory granule. Electric and chemical stimulation of these nuclei result in evoked release of ADH in ionic association with neurophysin from the neural lobes. Acetylcholine, norepinephrine, histamine, angiotensin II, γ-amino-butyric acid and L-glutamic acid have ever been nominated as candidates of chemical transmitters for the release of ADH in the hypothalamus. Prostaglandin (PG) E_2 may be another important compound for central regulation of water metabolism. The possibility was discussed that PGE_2 might be a true transmitter or modulator in the nuclei. Serotonin, dopamine and taurine, however, might not be involved in the ADH releasing mechanisms in the hypothalamus. It appears that norepinephrine, histamine, angiotensin II, PGE_2 and bradykinin stimulate directly the neural lobe to release ADH. The ADH release is regulated by intracellular free Ca^<2+>. The existence of a "readily-releasable pool" of ADH can be denied and any limitation in the amount of ADH released under experimental conditions may be due to insufficient activation of the neurohypophyseal tissue. Physiological significance was proposed for neurophysins.
名古屋市立大学の論文
1977-02-28

ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE AND THE HYPOTHALAMO-NEUROHYPOPHYSEAL SYSTEM : A REVIEW

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