バロックの知識階層
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概要
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This is a sociological study of imputing two thinkers, Jacob Bohme and Spinoza, in the social system of the 17th century. The Barock social system is outlined here with to analyse the problem in the subsystems of the guild town system of East Germany and the rising civil society system of Holland. In East Germany, the religious intelligentsia class in the 17th century, which had not riped into modern citizenship, required their emancipation not in the political sphere, but in the inner life - in mysticism. By examining the view of life of the hand-worker guild in the closed social systems innately connedted with that of the mystical group, we find the basis of thinking of a guild master Bohme. Furthermore it is found that strong individuality is likely to be awaked in an absolute authoritative society, as against the general proposition that, in an absolute state, man's originality is repressed or man is likely to support an authoritative power (court intelligentsia). The Netherlands, on the other hand, was the most advanced country at that time, but two groups, great citizens and small citizen, stood against each other, the former being connected with nobility and latter with royality. It was not always necessary for the great citizens to represent the ideology of the royality. In concert with the nobility, however, they assumed an ambiguous attitude, both radical and conservative, practical and speculative. Spinoza who lived in the time of reconstruction reflects this dual attitude in his political and religious views. When a basic premise of civil life is being realised, human life is always deeply ruled by the actual situation.
- 慶應義塾大学の論文
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