基本所得の意義 : エコロジーの視点から

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What kind of social security is appropriate in a reflexive modernity? To answer this question, this paper examines the structure of the changes from a productivist model of welfare to an ecological model, based on the notion of "basic income." Basic income has been thus far discussed from many perspectives, including liberalism, egalitarianism, feminism, communitarianism, ecology, and so on. This article aims to clarify the significance of basic income from the viewpoint of communitarianism and ecology. Left-libertarians define basic income as income paid unconditionally by the government to every member of society, based on universal citizenship. In this case, "unconditional" means that neither a means-test nor a work-test is needed as a prerequisite when benefits are paid. Many communitarians and ecologists criticize this point from the point of view that many free-riders will appear if people don't need to assume any responsibilities of work. But an important point to remember is that people don't need to be engaged in paid-employment, but may make any social contribution, such as household work, voluntary care-work, community exchange, etc. Therefore, A. B. Atkinson called such income "participation income" instead of basic income, arguing that people can receive benefits just on the condition that they participate in any work which society needs. "Work" is a greater concept than employment. What "participation income" aims to do is to promote such multi-faceted activities. In particular, ecologists would pursue a fully-engaged society through implementing participation income, as a part of building a sustainable society. Basic income plays an important part in the assisted self-help approach, for supporting grass-roots civic activities.
政治経済学・経済史学会の論文
2004-07-30

著者

福士正博
東京経済大学

基本所得の意義 : エコロジーの視点から

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