製糸・養蚕業の動揺と地方銀行群の存在形態 : 1920年代の長野県を対象として

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概要

• 論文の詳細を見る

• The Japanese banking system in its pre-war period had, it has been pointed out, structure and function much different from its western predecessors. Its character and relation with the condition of industry still remain to be explained. This article aims to clarify the operational linkage between banking and industry with the study on the local banks in Nagano-prefecture in the 1920's. Local banks in Nagano-prefecture, which had become a leading area of sericulture and silk-reeling industry, developed in conjunction with these industries. In view of asset, customers and process of merger, local banks in Nagano-prefecture can be classified into two groups ; (I) the first group (Dai Jyuku-Bank, Rokujyusan-Bank, etc.), relatively large in their size, financed mainly to silk-reeling companies, merging other banks; (II) the second group (Shiga-Bank, Komatsubara-Bank, etc.), small in their size, financed to peasants being engaged in small-scale sericulture, local merchants and landlords. The banks of this group were finally merged into the banks of first group or went bankrupt. After this economic crisis of 1920, the economic conditions surrounding these two groups of banks had drastically changed. The banks of first group, which were under financial control of larger metropolitan banks and carried out its function as a necessary part in the supply of fund from metropolitan banks to producers (i.e. the system of industrial finance called "Seishi-Kinyu"), became buffer against the deteriorating financial conditions. Increasing difficulties in the silk-reeling industry brought large amount of uncollectable loan to the banks of this group. As to the banks of second group, the blow of economic crisis of 1920 was harder than that of the first group. The attempt of silk-reeling companies to shift their difficulties on to peasants being engaged in sericulture and local merchants was, in addition to the fall in the price of cocoon, caused such damage to those peasants and merchants that their debts to the banks were almost fixed and uncollectable. Due to scantiness of their own capital and deposit, the banks of second group couldn't bear against that blow, and were driven to bankruptcy or forced to merger. As a result of this process, local banks in Nagano-prefecture were much more dependent on the metropolitan banks, especially on Zaibatsu Banks.

• 政治経済学・経済史学会の論文
• 1975-04-20

著者

• 伊藤 正直

  東京大学大学院

• 伊藤 正直

  名古屋大学

関連論文

• 山口和雄・加藤俊彦編, 『両大戦間の横浜正金銀行』, 日本経営史研究所、一九八八年一二月、三九七頁、六、〇〇〇円
• 岡田和喜著, 『預金協定の史的展開』, 有斐閣、一九八七年四月、四四〇頁、八八〇〇円
• 金解禁下の正価問題と政府・日本銀行 (大石嘉一郎教授還暦記念号)
• 戦後IMF体制の構造転換 : 通貨危機の発現過程を通じて(第8セッション 国際通貨体制と金融危機,20世紀資本主義-歴史と方法の再検討-,創立五十周年記念大会報告集)
• フロート制移行期のわが国為替政策をめぐって
• 橋本寿朗著, 『大恐慌期の日本資本主義』, 東京大学出版会, 1984年7月, 390頁
• 小島仁著, 『日本の金本位制時代(1897-1917)-円の対外関係を中心とする考察-』, 日本経済評論社, 1981年2月, xiii+418頁
• 製糸・養蚕業の動揺と地方銀行群の存在形態 : 1920年代の長野県を対象として

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