環境と資源の価値問題について
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概要
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This paper plans to explore the value issue concerning the environment and resources, especially land involved, and to broaden the theoretical vision of economic research. The core of environment issue lies in the interpersonal interests and conflicts. In order to solve these environmental problems, it is necessary to analyze the economic factors behind it clearly. Under the market economy, as the most basic economic relation, value plays a basically decisive part on all the economic activities. However, it is not enough to understand the environment issue theoretically from the perspective of value research. For this reason, it is impossible to ask for accurate cost of a damaged environment. Because the natural environment is regarded as free of charge, the behaviors of damaging environment are still increasing. Then, for the sake of environmental protection, the value of environment needs to be clarified ; it is basic and important to evaluate the cost of damaged environment due to exploiting natural resources. Therefore, from the perspective of environmental value, it is necessary to reconsider the trade of CO2 exhaust, which has been put forward and decided during COP3. According to the theories of labor value, we can know that the value of the wilderness is zero and the value of the damaged environment is negative. When the damaged environment has a negative impact on manufacturing activities, the negative value will be shifted from environment to the manufacturing process without any change in the quality of environment's negative value. Negative value has the commonness, non-excludability, and non-rivalness as well as the role of field. Although land is not the product of human without value, it has the use-value as quasicapital goods and has a price when it becomes an object of transaction in the market. After absorbing labor force, surplus value is produced and absolute rent is decided by the quantity of labor force absorbed by land. Differential rent, which is based on the level of fertile land, is decided by the quantity of labor force economized actually.
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