A Frustrated Ferroelectric SmC^* Phase Characterized by Peculiar Conoscopic Melatopes and Responsible for the V-Shaped Switching in Liquid Crystals : Structure and Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Condensed Matter

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Many liquid crystal materials for the V-shaped switching were developed and identified to show an apparently single ferrielectric phase in the bulk. Questioning this identification, we have studied, at various temperatures, the Bragg reflected optical bands due to the helical structure, the dielectric responses, and the electric-field dependence of conoscopic figures. The results indicate that the "ferrielectric" phase is a frustrated ferroelectric SmC^* phase, where the characteristically biased direction of the most easily polarizable molecular short axis causes some difficulty in determining whether the melatopes emerge parallel or perpendicular to an applied electric field.
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2001-08-01