航空レーザースキャナを用いた崩壊地形解析 : 泥火山山体斜面を例として

概要

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We applied airborne laser scanner to mud volcanoes observation in Niikappu, Hokkaido, northern Japan, obtained high resolution DEM (Digital Elevation Model) data with a mesh size of 1 m, and successfully characterized the morphology of the mud volcanoes and the landslides on them even though some mud volcanoes were hidden by trees. The landslide shapes visualized by using the DEM data had horseshoe peripheral outlines on plan view and were shallow and planar in cross sections. The morphology indicated by the DEM data was confirmed by field investigation including measurement; the landslide depths ranged from a few to 4 meters, the width from 15 to 80 m, and the length from 20 to 200 m. The shallow and planar morphology may suggest and could be due to slope-parallel stratification of mud that was ejected. By analyzing slope inclination in detail with the DEM data, we found there is a critical slope gradient for the slopes of the mud volcanoes. The slopes with inclinations of 20°or less are stable and not subject to landslide. On the other hand, slopes with inclinations of 20°or more were invariably within landslide scars.
日本地形学連合の論文
2007-01-25