企業における環境管理とその現状(環境共生時代における産業・経営・会計の諸問題パートIII)
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概要
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This paper discusses the actual conditions of how Japanese industrial circles are coming to grips with global environmental problems. As international concern over global environmental problems intensified during the latter half of the 1980s, Japan's industrial world--in particular, the nation's large-scale manufacturing industries--came to regard attentiveness to the environment as a no-nonsense theme impinging willy-nilly on the very survival and progress of one's own enterprise. As a result, appreciably enhanced systems of environment management have come to be established at various Japanese manufacturing industries. Inasmuch as international cooperation is considered indispensable to the solving of global environmental problems, a study has been made on the feasibility of establishing an international standard governing environment management systems--and a decision is expected to be handed down shortly. Since the reference model for international standardization is composed of British environmental standards and European Community (EC) environmental regulations, Japanese companies have consulted both schemes in setting up their own environment management systems. Thus, although the nature of the environmental action program of specific corporations may differ in accordance with the differences inherent in the character of individual firms, the following characteristics can be said to be commonly shared by all of Japan's major manufacturing industries: 1). Preservation of the environment is identified as being central to the corporate management policy and business philosophy; and the fulfilling of that target is conceived as a duty owed to society by the corporation and as its obligation as a responsible corporate citizen; 2). The setting up of a system of environment management which embraces the whole corporation and/or an entire business group and is presided over by the highest corporate official--such as the corporation's president or vice-president; 3). The establishing of independent project teams by problem under an environment management system overarching the whole corporation; 4) The assignment (at corporate headquarters) of a special section charged with the responsibility of managing environmental control, and (at each business establishment) either the placement of a specialized section having the same responsibility or the appointing of personnel responsible for environmental management; 5) The formulating and fixing of environmental action plans, which then are carried out at each subordinate business establishment --with the latter being held accountable (to corporate headquarters) for the execution of the action plans and the periodical submission of progress reports; 6). The putting into effect of an internal inspection/auditing system whereby actual progress on the action plans is periodically inspected--with advisory instructions and/or guidance being issued if circumstances require. Although environmental management systems at Japan's major manufacturing industries could be regarded as having been enhanced to a considerable degree, there still remains a number of unresolved problems--such as the establishing of numerical standards and the fixing of deadlines for the attainment of targets, increasing the number of items subject to inspection, and the upgrading of the management of product life cycles.
- 日本大学の論文
- 1995-03-31
著者
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- 企業における環境管理とその現状(環境共生時代における産業・経営・会計の諸問題パートIII)