歴史的視点からみたロシアの生活様式

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The aim of this paper is to characterize the way of life in the Soviet Union and Russia on the basis of a historical perspective. To say concretely, I would like to clarify the way of life in the Soviet Union compared with that of Imperial Russia, and to trace changes between the way of life in modern Russia and that of the past. Especially, I am interested in the actor and the path of welfare supply, and social consciousness of people. While it is often said that path dependency is one of the most important factor in the research of transitional economies, this is also applied to the research of way of life. It is noteworthy that nation provided welfare unitary in the socialist period and now, the situation changed drastically. Accordingly, it is very important to compare the way of life in modern Russia with that of the past. To see historically, community and collective character of way of life in the Imperial Russia is succeeded to the period of Soviet Union and contemporary Russia. I could show three points below, as my conclusions. First, the way of life doesn't change much compared with changes in the economic system. This is the main reason why the way of life in the Soviet Union is succeeded to Russia. Secondly, the way of life doesn't converge on the single pattern in spite of industrialization and urbanization. Thirdly, against economic crisis in the transitional period, people may defend their life themselves by using the way of life succeeded from the past. Path dependency not only means that social mechanism in the past runs by inertia, but also means that formal and informal rules, peculiar to the economic system, are embedded in the society and continue to function. In the situation where plan and market mechanisms don't operate, like the transitional period, institutional vacuum doesn't necessarily appear but informal rules function instead.
2003-08-22

著者

林裕明
島根県立大学総合政策学部・大学院北東アジア研究科

歴史的視点からみたロシアの生活様式

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