<国立科博専報>小笠原諸島の土壌動物相の研究 : I. 土壌節足動物の群集構造

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A quantitative study of soil macro-arthropod communities and a qualitative study of soil micro-arthropod communities were carried out in the summer of 1977 in the Bonin Islands. The macro-arthropod fauna of the islands is characterized by the great abundancy of the terrestrial crustaceans (83.5%), comprising Isopoda (73.9%) and Amphipoda (9.6%). On the contrary, Chilopoda and Coleoptera are markedly reduced in number, both of them not attaining in number to 1% of total macro-arthropods. Based on the difference in dominant animal groups, the communities of macroarthropods were classified into 9 types, such as the Armadillidiidae type, the Armadillidiidae-Diplopoda type, the Oniscidae type, the Amphipoda-Oniscidae type, the Diplopoda-Formicidae type, etc. No strong relation was found between vegetations and animal abundancy and also between vegetations and the community types mentioned above. Frequencies (1-5) of each micro-arthropod group were studied in each of 10 natural vegetations and 8 substitutional vegetations. The preferences for natural vegetations (P) was calculated on each animal group by the following formula : p=F_n-F_s, where F_n is average frequency in the natural vegetations and F_s is that in the substitutional vegetations. Symphyla, Pauropoda, Embioptera and the 3 other groups showed high value of P (+2.7∿+1.4), while Armadillidiidae and Curculionidae were found to be animal groups of the lowest value of P (-1.7∿-2.1). The index of naturalness (I_φ) was calculated by the formula I_φ=ΣP_i・F_i, where P_i is a value of P of an animal group i and F_i is frequency (1-5) of an animal group i. As the result of this treatment, the vegetations of the highest I_φ were Pisonia umbellifera forest (Mt. Sekimon) and Schima mertensiana forest (Mt. Chuo and Mt. Kuwanoki), while those of the lowest I_φ were Leucaena glauca forests (Mt. Mikazuki and Miyanohama) and Casuarina litorea forests (Suzaki and Omura).
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<国立科博専報>小笠原諸島の土壌動物相の研究 : I. 土壌節足動物の群集構造

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