γ-アミン酪酸(GABA)受容体研究における最近の進歩 : 神経化学的観点を中心として

概要

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γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been established as a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. The GABA-induced inhibitory transmission is mediated by two distinct types of GABA receptors which are termed as GABA_A. and GABA_A receptors. The GABA_A receptor forms a Cl^- channel that consists of several subunits. The recent development of molecular cloning clarified the presence of multiple and heterogeneous molecules in the GABA_A receptor subunits. Therefore, it is suggested that multiple GABA_A receptors generate various functions in the brain. In contrast, the GABA_B receptor exhibits various metabotropic actions for the inhibitory neurotransmission, since it is coupled with GTP-binding proteins. The GABA_B receptor of approximately 80kDa protein in its molecular weight was purified from the bovine cerebral cortex and the presence of another molecular species of the GABA_B receptor was also suspected. These results indicate that studies on the molecular diversity of the GABA receptors is important for elucidating the functional roles of GABA ergic neurons in the brain.
公益社団法人日本薬学会の論文
1995-02-25