減圧気中のアーク溶接現象に関する研究(第 1 報) : アルゴン気中におけるタングステンアークの電気的特性

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An arc with straight polarity is formed between a 2% thoriated tungsten electrode and a water-cooled copper plate in argon atmosphere of 18 to 760mm Hg, and the electrical characteristics of the arc is examined under the following conditions. Pressure of atmosphere P : 18 to 760mm Hg Arc current I : 250,450A Distance between electrodes L : 1 to 25mm The facts revealed are as follows. (1) At reduced gas pressures a radiant sphere, so called "cathode zone", is observed in the arc just below the cathode. Though it is brighter and has higher energy density than the arc column, its potential gradient does not differ from that of the arc column. The radius of the cathode zone increases with decreasing gas pressure and is the same order of the mean free path of an electron at P=32mm Hg and I=10A. (2) With the decrease in gas pressure, the arc is extended both upwards and sideways and its brightness decreases. Moreover the plasma stream from the cathode to the anode is weakened since electromagnetic pinch force decreases. (3) Potential gradient of the arc column E decreases linearly with the decrease in log P. The measurement shows that the difference between E near the cathode tip and E at the other place of the arc column is reduced with the decrease in gas pressure. (4) The sum, V_<A+K>, of cathode drop V_K and anode drop V_A increases with the decrease in gas pressure. V_<A+K> increases from 7 to 14 volts as P decreases from 760 to 18mm Hg at I=250A.
社団法人溶接学会の論文
1969-01-25

減圧気中のアーク溶接現象に関する研究(第 1 報) : アルゴン気中におけるタングステンアークの電気的特性

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