モンシロチョウの蛹体色の発現に関与する環境因子 : 第 2 報光線, 温度の影響の季節的変異

概要

論文の詳細を見る
Seasonal variation in the effects of light and temperature on the occurrence of green and brown colour types of pupae in the cabbage white butterfly, Pieris rapae crucivora Boisduval, was investigated from 1967 to 1970. The results are summarized as follows : 1. Rate of brown and green type pupae was surveyed at room temperature under various photoperiods (0, 3, 6, 12, 24 hours light per day) with a constant illumination (1600 lux and white background) from mid May to late November in 1967. Seasonal variation in the rate of green type pupae correlated with the fluctuation of room and field temperature. In the seasons of higher temperature (late spring and summer) many green type pupae appeared and in the seasons of lower temperature (spring and late autumn) the rate of green type pupae was low. Comparison of the incidence of colour types under various photoperiods from May to December showed that the mature larvae responded most sensitively to light in May and June and a majority of them became green type pupae. 2. Seasonal variation in the rate of brown and green types was surveyed under photoperiods (0, 3, 6, 12, 24 hours light per day) with a constant illumination (1600 lux and white background) at a temperature of 18℃ or 25℃ from mid May to early December in 1968. In early summer when the experimental temperatures (18℃, 25℃) were lower than field temperature, the incidence of green type pupae was considerably lower than that under the room temperature mentioned above. In late autumn when the experimental temperatures (18℃, 25℃) were considerably higher than field temperature, the rate of occurrence of green type pupae was as low as that under the room temperature. In the latter season, the occurrence of green type pupae did not increase even by a longer photoperiod and intense illumination. However, mature larvae in this season responded sensitively to coloured backgrounds as well as those in other seasons, and on yellow and green backgrounds many pupae were of green type. 3. The rate of brown and green types of the pupae collected from cabbage fields was investigated from spring to autumn. Most of pupae collected between May and October were of the green type even in late autumn. When mature larvae were set free on a white-coloured wall facing south in a small concrete structure in late autumn, many pupae became brown. Many pupae produced in glass vessels with white background under natural (outdoor) condition in November were also brown. 4. These results suggest that environmental temperature and colour of background (and also some volatile component of green leaves of cabbage plant) are supplementary factors for determining colour types of pupae in the cabbage white butterfly. Low incidence of green type of pupae on the white background in late autumn may be related to diapause of the pupae and low environmental temperature during the larval period in cabbage fields.
日本昆虫学会の論文
1971-12-20

モンシロチョウの蛹体色の発現に関与する環境因子 : 第 2 報光線, 温度の影響の季節的変異

スポンサーリンク

概要

著者

関連論文

スポンサーリンク