イモリの初期発生に及ぼすX線の影響I
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概要
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The present experiments have been carried out to ascertain the effect of X-rays on the morphogenetic movements and induction in Triturus pyrrhogaster. In the first series of experiment, embryos from blastula up to blastopore-closed gastrula of the above-mentioned species were exposed to X-ray after they were decapsulated. Dosages employed were 50r, 100r, 150r, and 200r (140kV, 3mA). After the irradiation, treated embryos were cultured in Holtfreter solution. Abnormal embryos which resulted from the irradiation, were classified into 5 types according to the degree of disturbance of gastrulation. (see Table I and its foot note) From histological observation, the following conclusions were obtained. (1) Early gastrulae are the most sensitive to X-rays. (2) Developmental tempo of the irradiated embryos is retarded in comparison with that of the controls. (3) The nature of the abnormalities of the treated embryos are independent to the dosages employed. (4) In all of the embryos whose morphogenetic movement was inhibited, namely the gastrulation was highly disturbed, some degenerated cells with picnotic nucleus were found in the middle portion of yolk mass. To investigate the morphogenetic potency of irradiated embryos, the second series of experiment, i. e. the explantation experiment were performed, using the early gastrulae of the same species. (1) The pieces of the dorsal lip of the blastopore which were cut out from the irradiated embryos were wrapped in a slice of the presumptive ectoderm. (2) Unirradiated organizer were wrapped in a piece of the presumptive ectoderm of the treated gastrula. These were cultured for 7-10 days in Holtfreter solution and offered to observation. In both cases, when X-rays did not effect to kill the irradiated tissues, neural tissues developed in the explant bodies. Considering on the results of two experiments, it may assumed that X-rays do not interrupt the inductive action without some deficiencies and the main cause of the disturbance of gastrulation is not the abnormalities occurred by the irradiation on the function of the organizer.
- 1954-10-15
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