耳小骨筋反射の大きさ, 域値並びに潜時に関する研究

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Aural reflex (AR) is considered to have a function to attenuate the level of sound incoming to the inner ear. It can be one of the factors of the noise susceptibility, that is, individual differences observed in hearing damage caused by high intensity noises. In spite of many works on AR, these is little evidence to show the relationship between AR and the noise susceptibility. The purpose of the present study is to obtain fundamental data on this relationship for the normal ears. The subjects used are fifty males and fifty females, ranged in age from sixteen to thirty, with normal hearing acuity. The acoustic impedance of the middle ear was measured with an electroacoustic impedance bridge (Madsen, Type ZO-72). The magnitude, threshold, and latency of AR ware also measured for pure tones and for white noise. A typical pattern of AR for contralateral stimulation is shown in Fig. 2. The magnitude of AR increases as the stimulus level is intensified. Large differences in AR magnitude were observed between subjects. Fig. 7 shows the mean value of reflex thresholds and their distribution for each of the stimuli. The wide ranges in the thresholds indicate the exsistence of individual differences. The average threshold for white noise was lower than those for pure tones. The threshold for ipsilateral stimulation of 1kHz tone was about 10dB lower than that for constralateral one. Table 3 shows the mean values of reflex latency and their ranges for each of the stimuli. Large individual differences were also observed the reflex latency. The reflex latency was measured at some different levels of stimuli for 1kHz tone and white noise. The results summarized in Table 4, 5 and Fig. 9 indicate that the reflex latency decreases with increasing stimulus level. Furthermore, an positive correlation was found between the latency and the reflex threshold, as shown in Fig. 10. From these results, it is conceivable that a person having a high reflex threshold might be susceptible to intensive noise, especially to a sound with short rise time and short duration such as an impulsive noise, because of his prolonged latency and small magnitude of AR. Therefore, it may be concluded that the threshold of AR can be used as an indicater showing individual susceptibility to implusive noise.
社団法人日本音響学会の論文
1978-09-01

耳小骨筋反射の大きさ, 域値並びに潜時に関する研究

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