フェノール類の微生物による分解に関する研究 : (第3報) Candida tropicalisによるフェノールの分解

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The effect of several physiological conditoins on the phenoloxidizing activity of a strain of Candida tropicalis were studied, and compared with the previous results using Rhodotorula glutinis var. glutinis.1. In the preculture medium, the strain was incapable of utilizing nitrate. Among the nitrogen sources surveted in the medium, urea permitted a high rate of phenol oxidation, while keeping the pH within an appropriate range in contrast with the case with the Rhodotorula strain.2. Starvation for 24 hr was required for the development of a maxiaml rate of phenol decomposition. The presence of a nitrogen source in the starvation medium enhanced the potential for induction, while the presence of sugar in the induction medium repressed the development of phenol oxidizing activity.3. The optimal pH for induction was 6.0,higher than that of the Rhodotorula strain; the optical temperature was 35℃ for both organisms. The maximum rate of phenol oxidation was obtained when cells of C. tropicalis were induced with 200mg/l of phenol for 3 hr or with 500mg/l of phenol for 6hr.4. The optimal pH for phenol oxidation by induced cells of C. tropicalis was 6.5 and the optimal temperature was 37-38℃. The effect of pH and temperature in the phenol-decomposing medium on phenol oxidation was lower than their effect in the induction medium on the development of phenol-oxidazing activity.5. With an increase in the concentration of phenol in the phenol-decomposing medium, an increase in the initial rate of phenol oxidation by C. tropicalis was observed in the range of concentration up to 200mg/l of phenol, but in the higher concentration a decrease in the rate of phenol oxidation was observed as the result of phenol inhibition. By means of a Lineweaver-Burk plot for phenol decomposition, the assumed values of K_m and V_<max> were estimated to be 0.87×10^<-3>M and 330μl/hr.6. The effect of several reagents on phenol oxidation by C. tropicalis was investigated, Sodium azide, cyanide, and formaldehyde exerted a 50% inhibition at concentrations of 1mM, 5mM and 3mM. Of the chelating agents, o-phenanthroline and 8-hydroxyquinoline at concentratons of 2mM, inhibited the oxidation of phenol by 45% and 58.5%, respectively.7. In a jar fermenter, cells of C. tropicalis decomposed phenol at a concentration of 3,000mg/l in 8 hr, more rapidly than was the case with the Rhodotorula strain. The growth of cells reached 5mg/ml at 30 hr.8. Candida tropicalis metabolized phenol most rapidly at a concentration of 300mg/l phenol. The results showed that the cells of this strain of C. tropicalis metabolized and decomposed phonol at a higher rate than did those in the literature.
公益社団法人日本生物工学会の論文
1972-08-25

フェノール類の微生物による分解に関する研究 : (第3報) Candida tropicalisによるフェノールの分解

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