黄蜀葵の疫病

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The Phytophthora blight of Hibiscus Manihot has been kwoun for several years at In'nosima, Hirosima Prefecture. In 1936, one of the writers has collected the specimens of the diseased plants and since then the disease has been studied. The blight attacks leaves, stems and roots. At first the disease appears as a dull green round patch which spreads to all parts of the plants, turning them brown finally. Morphology of the fungus : The sporangia are produced both on the diseased portions and the culture media. They are ovoid or pear-shaped, and hyaline with typical papilla. Their size measure 18.0-45.1×10.7-35.9μ, in aberage 29.29×21.70μ ; the ratio, length/width being 1.35. Under favorable condition, the sporangia germinate in general indirectly, producing zoospores, though they will germinate directly under high temperature. Chlamycospores are produced termminally or intercalary. They are spherical, yellowish with thick walls, measuring in diameter 18.0-50.3μ, in average 30.29μ. Oogonia are spherical and hyaline. They measure in diameter 19.0-36.6μ and 15.2-28.7μ on host plant and oatmeal agar respectibely. Antheridia are ampherical and yellowish, with thick walls, measureng 12.6-25.0μ in diameter. Physiology of the fungus : The fungus grows well on several culture media, such as corn-meal-, oat-meal-, bean-, and potato agar. Other culture media are quite unfavorable for its growth. It grows at the temperature between 6-37℃. Its growth is best at pH 5.8-6.7, and no growth is seen at pH 3.8. Inoculation experiments : The manihot plants are readily infected when it is inoculated with mycelia and spores. Many kinds of plants, such as tomato, potato, cotton, egg-plant, broad bean are also attacked. It is noteworthy that the tobacco plant is not at all infected, and that the leaves and fruits of the red pepper are reacily attacked. On basing on comparative studies with weveral Phytophthora species previously described concerning their morphology and physiology, the writers think that the manihot Phytophthora corresponds to P. parasitica which is described by REINKING and SCHWARZ to attack Hibiscus sabdariffa.
日本植物病理学会の論文
1939-07-10

黄蜀葵の疫病

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