関節可動制限に起因する歩行障害のシミュレーション

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The restriction of the range of motion (ROM) of joints is one of the major causes contributing to walking disabilities as well as neural dysfunction and decreased muscle force. This study was designed to develop a biomechanical model of walking consisting of both the neural and muscunloskeletal systems, and to simulate the characteristics of walking disability due to restriction of the ROM of hip and knee joints. The neural and muscunloskeletal functions in the present model were represented by neural oscillators and a two-dimensional five-link model, respectively. The walking patterns produced under the non restricted ROM of the joints were similar to those obtained from normal individuals. The simulation with the restricted ROM of joints demonstrated more unstable walking with increasing severity of the joint impairments as well as with increasing walking velocity. Even if the ROM of hip and/or knee joints of this model was restricted, both stride length and cadence during stable walking were within the range determined from normal individuals. However, the vertical acceleration of the body center of gravity was considerably greater during walking with the restricted joints compared with free joint movement. These characteristics obtained from the simulation were very similar to those of disabled walking produced experimentally by healthy subjects whose lower limb joints were restricted by orthotic devices. It is considered that the present biomechanical model/simulation is a useful way to identify a single cause such as joint contracture from the multiple and complex impairments associated with walking disabilities and to assess the degree of the disabilities due to the specified impairment.
社団法人日本機械学会の論文
1996-05-25

関節可動制限に起因する歩行障害のシミュレーション

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