William BlakeとMary Wollstonecraft : BlakのMaryをめぐって
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概要
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Maryと題された一篇の詩がWilliam BlakeのPickering Manuscriptに収められている。最初の女権拡張論者,Mary Wollstonecraftがこの詩のモデルともいわれるが,果たしてそうであろうか。「OothoonとMary Wollstonecraft―William BlakeのVisions of the Daughters of Albion小論」(大阪教育大学英語英文学教室「英文学会誌」1984年,第29号)において,既にヒロインのOothoonとWollstonecraftの関係は考察した。今回の小論文ではMaryを題材として,当時の政治的,社会的状況と,その中でWollstonecraftのたどった運命を見つめながら,Blakeと彼女の関係を考察しようと思う。そうする事によって,産業革命の進行,アメリカの独立,フランス革命という激動の時代を生きた,人間Blakeをより良く理解出来ると考えるからである。William Blake's Mary is not only an allegory of the envy aroused by a stunning beauty,it also shows Blake's sympathy towards Mary Wollstonecraft,the first major feminist.Shortly after Wollstonecraft's A Vindication of the Rights of Woman was published,Blake wrote Visions of the Daughters of Albion in 1793,in which Wollstonecraft's ideas were reflected by the heroine Oothoon.Even more significant is that Blake dared to write Mary around 1803 when Wollstonecraft was under heavy criticism for her unconventional life style,made public after her death in 1797.This demonstrated the immutability of Blake's sympathy for her ideas and way of life.Blake openly expressed his anger toward injustice and continued publishing his original Illuminated Books,in spite of being ignored and regarded as a mad man.Wollstonecraft was one of the very few people who understood Blake's thinking.Blake must have seen an ideal woman in Mary Wollstonecraft who also publicly rejected the establishment which held women in a submissive position,and who remained true to her beliefs through her unconventional life style,regardless of the cold treatment she received from 18th century society.
- 大阪教育大学の論文
- 1985-08-31
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