数種の懸濁液の流動特性

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The flow properties of some suspensions have been measured by means of a coaxial cylinder type viscometer which can work at the rate of shear ranging from 5×10^<-1> to 1.6×10^3 sec^<-1>. As media of the suspensions, liquid paraffin and various solutions of polystyrene in diethyl phthalate have been used and as solid particles, carbon black (CB), bentonite (B), kaolinite(k) and permanent red 4R (PR) have been employed. The main results obtained are as follows: (1) The following Casson's equation fits very well to the experimental results for systems of Newtonian media: S^<1/2>=k_0+k_1D^<1/2>, (1) where, S is shearing stress, D is rate of shear, and k_0 and k_1 are constants. In the case of non-Newtonian media (polymer solutions), S^<1/2> versus D^<1/2> plots do not give a straight line unless the rates of shear are very low. (2) The yeild stress S_y evaluated from k_0 in Eq. (1) does not depend upon the viscosity of the media but only upon the nature of the particles. (3) The lower the rate of shear, the higher the plastic viscosity η_<pl>=(S-S_y)/D becomes. This seems to be the general characteristic of suspensions. (4) Non-Newtonian flows caused by solid particles appear at lower rates of shear than those by polymer chains. The difference is very definite. (5) When the viscosity corresponding to infinite rate shear η_∞, which can be obtained from k_1, is plotted against the particle concentration (c), it gives straight lines characteristic of the systems of each particle until considerably high concentration is reached. (6) Non-Newtonian flows due to the particles in the suspensi ons seem to be quite different from those in the polymer solutions and melts, not only in the mechanism but also in the flow pattern.
社団法人日本材料学会の論文
1967-07-15

数種の懸濁液の流動特性

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