Spim-Exchlange Collisions between Rubidium and Cesium Atoms

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The spin-exchange between Rb and Cs was already verified by Dehmelt. In his experiment, however, the two quantum transition of Rb^<87> which coincides, in its frequency, with the Cs resonance could have obscured the spin-exchange phenomena. In the present study the double resonance technique was used. In a static field of 2 gauss along the x-direction (optic axis), we observed an optically pumped polarization of Cs by a weak rf field of 700 kc/sec applied in the y-direction. Two strong rf fields of 934 kc/sec and 1400 kc/sec resonating to Rb^<85> and Rb^<87>, respectively, were applied in the x-direction. When the Cs-frequency was swept through 700 kc/sec, Cs resonances were obtained as shown in Fig. 1, where (a) and (b) are, respectively, the resonance figures without and with the rf fields in the z-direction. The intensity ratios of (b) to (a) are O.95, 0.80, and 0.50 at 30℃, 50℃, and 70℃, respectively. Consider a gas composed of, for simplicity, two kinds of atoms A and B. The rate equations of the polarizations of this system when A is optically pumped are dP_A/dt=1/T_pP_A^s+1/T_<BA>P_B-(1/T_<1A>+1/T_p+1/T_<rA>+1/T_<AB>)P_A dP_B/dt=1/T_<AB>P_A-(1/T_<1B>+1/T_<rB>+1/T_<BA>)P_B, where P_A's are the polarizations per cc, P_A^8 the saturation polarization, Tp the pumping time, T_<1A'>s the spin-lattice relaxation times, T_<rA'>s the rf transition times and T_<AB'>s the spin-exchange times as illustrated in Fig. 2. T_<AB>,T_<BA> and the spin-excbange cross section σ are related by the equation T_<AB>n_B=T_<BA>n_A=1/σν, where n_<A'>s are the numbers of atoms per cc and ν the relative velocity of the two atoms. The ratio of the stationary solutions, P_<A'> to P_<A>^0, the former being the polarization in the limiting case of infinitely small Tr_B and the latter of infinitely large Tr_B, is given by P_<A'>/P_a^0=1-ω_<1A>ω_<1B>/(ω_<1A>+ω_<AB>)(ω_<1B>+ω_<BA>)' where ω's are the reciprocals of the corresponding T's.
社団法人日本物理学会の論文
1964-07-05

Spim-Exchlange Collisions between Rubidium and Cesium Atoms

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